PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILING, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND CYTOTOXICITY ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL LEAF EXTRACT OF AZARADICTA INDICA

This study evaluated the phytochemical constituents, anti-inflammatory activity, and cytotoxicity of ethanol leaf extract of Azadirachta indica (Dongoyaro). Following collection and ethanol extraction, phytochemical screening revealed the presence of cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, saponins, tannins, and quinones, supporting the plant’s traditional use in herbal medicine. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using biochemical assays on blood samples obtained via the retro-orbital plexus under light anesthesia. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of key functional groups such as carbonyl, methylene, ether, and silicon-based compounds. GC-MS profiling identified multiple bioactive compounds, including known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant agents. The brine shrimp lethality assay indicated moderate cytotoxicity, suggesting potential therapeutic safety at lower doses. These findings indicate that the ethanol leaf extract of A. indica possesses significant anti-inflammatory properties and pharmacologically active compounds, reinforcing its relevance in traditional and potential modern therapeutic applications.